Disk-pack turbine

ABSTRACT

A system and method in at least one embodiment for separating fluids including liquids and gases into subcomponents by passing the fluid through a vortex chamber into an expansion chamber and then through at least a portion of a waveform pattern present between at least two rotors and/or disks. In further embodiments, a system and method is offered for harnessing fields created by a system having rotating rotors and/or disks having waveform patterns on at least one side to produce current within a plurality of coils. In at least one embodiment, the waveform patterns include a plurality of hyperbolic waveforms axially aligned around a horizontal center of the system.

This application is a continuation-in-part application to U.S.application Ser. No. 13/213,452, filed Aug. 19, 2011, which claims thebenefit of U.S. provisional Application Ser. No. 61/376,438, filed Aug.24, 2010. Both of these patent applications are hereby incorporated byreference.

I. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a system and method for processing afluid to dissociate fluid in one or more embodiments and fordissociating components of the fluid in one or more embodiments. Moreparticularly, the system and method of at least one embodiment of thepresent invention provides rotating hyperbolic waveform structures anddynamics that may be used to controllably affect the fundamentalproperties of fluids and/or fields for separation of gases and/or powergeneration.

II. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system including ahousing having at least one feed inlet, a vortex chamber in fluidcommunication with the at least one feed inlet; a plurality of waveformdisks in fluid communication with the vortex chamber, the plurality ofwaveform disks forming an axially centered expansion and distributionchamber; at least one coil array in magnetic communication with theplurality of waveform disks; at least one rotating disk rotatable aboutthe housing, wherein the disk includes an array of magnets; and a drivesystem engaging the plurality of waveform disks.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system including avortex induction chamber; a housing in communication with the vortexinduction chamber, wherein the housing includes an upper case having aparaboloid shape formed on at least one face, a lower case having aparabolic shape formed on at least one face, and a peripheral side wallconnecting the upper case and the lower case such that a paraboloidchamber is formed; an arrangement of disks disposed within the casing,wherein at least one of the disks includes an opening in the center influid communication with the vortex induction chamber; and a drivesystem connected to the arrangement of disks.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system including avortex induction chamber, a case connected to the vortex inductionchamber, the case including a chamber having multiple discharge ports, apair of rotors in rotational connection to the case, the rotors formingat least a portion of an expansion and distribution chamber, at leastone waveform channel exists between the rotors, and a motor connected tothe rotors; and a fluid pathway exists from the vortex induction chamberinto the expansion and distribution chamber through the at least onewaveform channel to the case chamber and the multiple discharge ports.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system includingat least one feed inlet; a plurality of waveform disks in fluidcommunication with the at least one feed inlet, the plurality ofwaveform disks each having an opening passing therethrough forming anaxially centered expansion chamber; at least one coil array in magneticcommunication with the plurality of waveform disks; at least one magnetplate rotatable about the feed inlet, wherein the plate includes anarray of magnets where one of the at least one coil array is between oneof the at least one magnet plate and the plurality of waveform disks;and a drive system engaging the plurality of waveform disks.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system includingan intake chamber; a housing connected to the intake chamber, whereinthe housing includes an upper case having a paraboloid shape formed onat least one face, a lower case having a paraboloid shape formed on atleast one face, and a peripheral side wall connecting the upper case andthe lower case such that a chamber that is at least one of a paraboloidand toroid is formed; a disk-pack turbine disposed within the housing,the disk-pack turbine includes at least one disk having an opening inthe center in fluid communication with the intake chamber; and a drivesystem connected to the disk-pack turbine.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system including avortex induction chamber, a housing connected to the vortex inductionchamber, the housing including a chamber having multiple dischargeports, a pair of rotors in rotational connection to the housing, therotors forming at least a portion of an expansion chamber, disk mountedon each of the rotors, at least one disk chamber exists between thedisks, and a motor connected to the rotors; and a fluid pathway existsfrom the vortex induction chamber into the expansion chamber through theat least one waveform channel to the housing chamber and the multipledischarge ports.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a system including ahousing having at least one feed inlet, a vortex chamber in fluidcommunication with the at least one feed inlet; a disk-pack turbinehaving an expansion chamber axially centered and in fluid communicationwith the vortex chamber, wherein the disk-pack turbine includes membershaving waveforms formed on at least one surface; a first coil arrayplaced on a first side of the disk-pack turbine; a second coil arrayplaced on a second side of the disk-pack turbine; an array of magnets inmagnetic communication with the disk-pack turbine; and a drive systemengaging the disk-pack turbine.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a disk array for usein a system manipulating at least one fluid, the disk array including atleast one pair of mated disks, the mated disks are substantiallyparallel to each other, each disk having a top surface, a bottomsurface, a waveform pattern on at least one surface of the disk facingat least one neighboring disk such that the neighboring waveformpatterns substantially form between the neighboring disks in the pair ofmated disks a passageway, at least one mated disk in each pair of mateddisks includes at least one opening passing through its height, and afluid pathway exists for directing fluid from the at least one openingin the disks through the at least one passageway towards the peripheryof the disks; and each of the waveform patterns includes a plurality ofat least one of protrusions and depressions. In a further embodiment,the number of mated disks includes at least three pairs of mated disks.

In at least one embodiment, this invention provides a method forgenerating power including driving a plurality of disks having matingwaveforms, feeding a fluid into a central chamber defined by openingspassing through a majority of the plurality of disks with the fluidflowing into spaces formed between the disks to cause the fluid todissociate into separate components, and inducing current flow through aplurality of coils residing in a magnetic field created between thewaveform disks and at least one magnet platform rotating throughmagnetic coupling with the waveform disks.

III. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention is described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical orfunctionally similar elements. The use of cross-hatching and shadingwithin the drawings is not intended as limiting the type of materialsthat may be used to manufacture the invention.

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram in accordance with present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of an embodiment according to theinvention.

FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the system illustrated inFIG. 2 taken at 3-3.

FIG. 4 illustrates an exploded and partial cross-sectional view of thesystem illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of the systemillustrated in FIG. 2.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate side and perspective views of anotherembodiment according to the invention.

FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate an example disk-pack turbine according to theinvention.

FIGS. 8A-8C illustrate another example disk-pack turbine according tothe invention.

FIG. 9A illustrates a side view of another embodiment according to theinvention. FIG. 9B illustrates a top view of the system illustrated inFIG. 9A. FIG. 9C illustrates a partial cross-section of an embodimentaccording to the invention take at 9C-9C in FIG. 9B.

FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the embodiment taken at10-10 in FIG. 9B.

FIG. 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the embodiment taken at11-11 in FIG. 9B.

FIG. 12 illustrates a top view of another embodiment according to theinvention.

FIG. 13 illustrates a side view of the system illustrated in FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the system illustrated inFIG. 12 taken at 14-14 in FIG. 12.

FIGS. 15A-15D illustrate another example disk-pack turbine according tothe invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates a side view of another embodiment according to theinvention.

FIG. 17 illustrates a side view of another embodiment according to theinvention.

FIG. 18 illustrates a side view of another embodiment according to theinvention.

FIGS. 19A-19E illustrate another example disk-pack turbine according tothe invention.

FIG. 20 illustrates a perspective view of another example disk accordingto the invention.

FIG. 21A-21D illustrate another example disk-pack turbine according tothe invention.

FIG. 22 illustrates another example disk-pack turbine according to theinvention.

FIG. 23 illustrates a schematic of test flux field generator built togenerate power.

FIGS. 24A-24C are tables of data collected as part of testing electricalpower generation.

FIG. 25 is a table of data collected as part of testing batterycharging.

Given the following enabling description of the drawings, the inventionshould become evident to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

IV. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention, in at least one embodiment, provides a highlyefficient system and method for processing fluid to harness the energycontained in the fluid and the environment and/or to dissociate elementsof the fluid to produce electrical energy to drive an electricalgenerator. In order to accomplish the results provided herein, in atleast one embodiment the present invention utilizes rotating hyperbolicwaveform structures and dynamics. It is believed these rotatinghyperbolic waveform structures and dynamics, in at least one embodiment,are capable of efficiently propagating at ambient temperature and helpaccomplish many of the functional principles of at least one embodimentof the present invention. More particularly, in at least one embodiment,the system of the present invention is capable of producing very strongfield energy at ambient temperatures while using relatively minimalinput electrical energy to provide rotational movement to the waveformdisks and/or rotors, and in at least one embodiment the disks and/orrotors with a waveform are examples of waveform members. As will be morefully developed in this disclosure in at least one embodiment, thewaveform patterns on facing disk surfaces form chambers (or passageways)for fluid to travel through including towards the periphery and/orcenter while being exposed to a variety of pressure zones that, forexample, compress, expand and/or change direction and/or rotation of thefluid particles. Other examples of fluids include, but are not limitedto, polar magnetic fluxes and fields which through interaction with therotating waveform geometry are transmuted to non-north/south magneticfields with resulting fields being diamagnetic and exclusively repellentand distributed across both outer turbine faces according to the formand distribution of the waveforms within the turbine. This may alsoresult in other embodiments in polar-specific North/South magnetic fluxmanifesting at the axis and periphery of the turbine. In at least oneembodiment, just one waveform disk is present in the system. In afurther alternative embodiment to the above embodiments, the systemoperates in a substantially sealed configuration (or a configuration inwhich the flow of air into or out of the system is not needed) with noexternal air being provided to the system where the intake housing is asealed shaft and the waveform disks have an axially centered opening(although alternatively the waveform disks are solid without the centralopening).

In this disclosure, waveforms include, but are not limited to, circular,sinusoidal, multiple axial sinusoidal, biaxial, biaxial sinucircular, aseries of interconnected scallop shapes, a series of interconnectedarcuate forms, hyperbolic, and/or multi-axial including combinations ofthese that when rotated provide progressive, disk channels with thewaveforms being substantially centered about an axial center of the diskand/or an expansion chamber. Examples of waveform patterns include atleast one hyperbolic waveform, at least one biaxial waveform, at leastone multiple axial sinusoidal waveform. In at least one embodiment, asubstantial portion of the surface of a disk is covered by the waveformpattern. The waveforms are formed, for example but not limited to, by aplurality of ridges (or protrusions or rising waveforms), grooves, anddepressions (or descending waveforms) in the waveform surface includingthe features having different heights and/or depths compared to otherfeatures and/or along the individual features. In some embodiments, theheight in the vertical axis and/or the depth measured along a radius ofthe disk chambers vary along a radius. In the illustrated embodiments,each of the plurality of at least one of protrusions and depressionsintersect twice with a diameter taken along the surface of the disk onwhich the waveform pattern is present. When a line is taken in a radialdirection along a disk surface having waveforms, the line intersectseach ridge and each depression. In some embodiments, the waveforms areimplemented as ridges that have different waveforms for each side (orface) of the ridge. In this disclosure, waveform patterns (orgeometries) are a set of waveforms on one disk surface. Neighboringrotor and/or disk surfaces have matching waveform patterns that form achannel running from the expansion chamber to the periphery of thedisks. In this disclosure, matching waveforms include complimentarywaveforms, mirroring geometries that include cavities and otherbeneficial geometric features. FIGS. 3-5, 7A-7B, 8B, 8C, 9C-11, 14,15B-15D, and 19A-22 illustrate a variety of examples of these waveforms.

In this disclosure, a bearing may take a variety of forms whileminimizing the friction between components with examples of material fora bearing including, but are not limited to, ceramics, nylon, phenolics,bronze, and the like. Examples of bearings include, but are not limitedto, bushings and ball bearings. In at least one alternative embodiment,the bearing function uses magnetic fields to center and align rotatingcomponents within the system instead of mechanical bearings.

In this disclosure, examples of non-conducting material for electricalisolation include, but are not limited to, non-conducting ceramics,plastics, Plexiglas, phenolics, nylon or similarly electrically inertmaterial. In some embodiments, the non-conducting material is a coatingover a component to provide the electrical isolation.

In this disclosure, examples of non-magnetic (or very low magnetic)materials for use in housings, plates, disks, rotors, and framesinclude, but are not limited to, aluminum, aluminum alloys, brass, brassalloys, stainless steel such as austenitic grade stainless steel,copper, beryllium-copper alloys, bismuth, bismuth alloys, magnesiumalloys, silver, silver alloys, and inert plastics. Although non-magneticmaterials are used for rotating components, the rotating components havebeen found to be conductors in some embodiments. Examples ofnon-magnetic materials for use in bearings, spacers, and tubing include,but are not limited to, inert plastics, non-conductive ceramics, nylon,and phenolics.

In this disclosure, examples of diamagnetic materials include, but arenot limited to, aluminum, brass, stainless steel, carbon fibers, copper,magnesium, bismuth, and other non-ferrous material alloys some of whichcontaining high amounts of bismuth relative to other metals.

The present invention in at least one embodiment provides a novelapproach to the manipulation and harnessing of energy and matter,resulting in, for example: (a) systems and methods for economical,efficient, environmentally positive separation, expansion, dissociation,combination, transformation, and/or conditioning of liquids and gasesfor applications such as dissociation of water for energy, elementalrestructuring and rendering of pure and complex gases, and theproduction of highly energetic gases for direct, dynamic application;and (b) systems and methods for the production, transformation, and/orconversion of mass/matter to highly energetic electrical, magnetic,diamagnetic, paramagnetic, kinetic, polar and non-polar fluxes andfields. The present invention provides, in one or more embodiments,systems and methods that are beneficial for electrical power generation.

The systems and methods of the present invention in at least oneembodiment include an intake chamber and a disk-pack turbine having anexpansion and distribution chamber (or expansion chamber) in fluidcommunication with the intake chamber, and disk chambers formed betweenthe rotors and/or disks that form the expansion chamber as illustrated,for example, in FIG. 1. The intake chamber serves to draw chargingmedia, i.e., liquids and/or gases (hereinafter collectively referred toas “fluid” or “media” or “material”) into the system before passing thecharging media into the expansion chamber. The expansion chamber isformed by two or more stacked rotatable rotors and/or disks having anopening in their center. The stacked rotatable rotors and/or disk(s) arecentered axially such that one or more openings are aligned whereby thealigned openings form the expansion chamber. The expansion chamber mayinclude a variety of shapes, ranging from a horizontal substantiallycylindrical shape to varying degrees of converging and divergingstructures. However, in at least one embodiment, the expansion chamberincludes both a convergent structure and a divergent structure designedto first compress, and then expand the media. The disks in at least oneembodiment also include one or more patterns of waveform structure whichmay be highly application specific. In an alternative embodiment, thesystem draws in fluid from the periphery in addition or in place of theintake chamber.

In some embodiments the intake chamber may be formed as a vortexinduction chamber that creates a vertical vortex in the charging media,which in most embodiments is a fluid including liquid and/or gas, inorder to impart desired physical characteristics on the fluid. Examplesof how the charging media is provided include ambient air, pressurizedsupply, and metered flow. The vertical vortex acts to shape,concentrate, and accelerate the charging media into a through-flowingvortex, thereby causing a decrease in temperature of the charging mediaand conversion of heat into kinetic energy. These effects are realizedas the charging media is first compressed, then rapidly expanded as itis drawn into the expansion chamber by the centrifugal suction/vacuumcreated by the dynamic rotation and progressive geometry of the disks.The vortex also assists the fluid in progressing through the system,i.e., from the vortex induction chamber, into the expansion chamber,through the disk chambers formed by the patterns and channels created bythe waveforms such as hyperbolic waveforms on the disks, and out of thesystem. In some embodiments, there may also be a reverse flow of fluidwithin the system where fluid components that are dissociated flow fromthe disk chambers to the expansion chamber back up (i.e., flowsimultaneously axially and peripherally) through the vortex chamber and,in some embodiments, out the fluid intakes. Media (or material) tendstoward being divided relative to mass/specific gravity, with the lightermaterials discharging up through the eye of the vortex whilesimultaneously discharging gases/fluids of greater mass at theperiphery. While progressing through the waveform geometries, thecharging media is exposed to a multiplicity of dynamic action andreactionary forces and influences such as alternating pressure zones andchanging circular, vortex and multi-axial flows of fluid as the fluidprogresses over the valleys and peaks and highly variable hyperbolicand/or non-hyperbolic geometries.

The number and arrangement of disks can vary depending upon theparticular embodiment. Systemic effects may be selectively amplified bythe incorporation of geometries as well as complimentary components andfeatures that serve to supplement and intensify desired energeticinfluences such as sympathetic vibratory physics (harmonic, sympatheticand/or dissonant, electrical charging, polar differentiation, specificcomponent isolation, i.e., electrical continuity, andmagnetism-generated fixed/static permanent magnetic fields, permanentdynamic magnetic fields, induced magnetic fields, etc.). Examples of thevarious disk arrangements include paired disks, multiple paired disks,stacked disks, pluralities of stacked disks, multi-staged disk arrays,and various combinations of these disk arrangements as illustrated, forexample, in FIGS. 3, 7A, 8A-8C, 9C, 10, 11, 15D, 19E, and 22. Furtherexamples add one or more rotors to the disks. A disk-pack turbine is acomplete assembly with rotors and/or disks being elements within thedisk-pack turbine. In at least one embodiment, the bottom rotor (ordisk) includes a parabolic/concave rigid feature that forms the bottomof the expansion chamber.

As the highly energized charging media passes from the vortex inductionchamber into the expansion chamber, the charging media is divided anddrawn into channels created by the waveforms on the stacked disks. Oncewithin the rotating waveform patterns, the media is subjected tonumerous energetic influences, including sinusoidal, tortile, andreciprocating motions in conjunction with simultaneous centrifugal andcentripetal dynamics. See, e.g., FIG. 5. These dynamics in at least oneembodiment include a multiplicity of multi-axial high pressurecentrifugal flow zones and low pressure centripetal flow zones, themajority of which are vortexual in nature.

a. OVERVIEW

FIG. 1 provides a broad overview of an example of a system according tothe present invention. This overview is intended to provide a basis forunderstanding the principles and components of the various embodimentsof the present invention that will be discussed in more detail below.The system as illustrated in FIG. 1 includes an intake module 100 withan intake chamber 130 and a disk-pack module 200 having an expansion anddistribution chamber (or expansion chamber) 252 and a disk-pack turbine250. To simplify the discussion, the optional housing around thedisk-pack turbine 250 is not included in FIG. 1. The expansion chamber252 is formed by openings and the recess present in the rotors and/ordisk(s) that form the disk-pack turbine 250. See, e.g., FIGS. 3 and 4.The rotatable rotors and/or disks are stacked or placed adjacent to eachother such that a small space of separation remains between the adjacentmembers to form disk chambers. The intake chamber 130 is in fluidcommunication with the expansion chamber 252. A drive system 300 isconnected to the disk-pack turbine 250 to provide rotational movement tothe disk-pack turbine 250. In a further embodiment to the aboveembodiments, the system operates without the active injection of airand/or other material, and in a further embodiment at least a vortexmodule 100.

The drive system 300 in at least one embodiment is connected to thedisk-pack turbine 250 through a drive shaft 314 or other mechanicallinkage 316 (see, e.g., FIGS. 4 and 6A) such as a belt, and in a furtherembodiment the drive system 300 is connected directly to the disk-packturbine 250. In use, the drive system 300 rotates the plurality ofrotors and/or disks in the disk-pack turbine 250. In at least oneembodiment, the rotation of which creates a centrifugal suction orvacuum within the system that causes a charging media to be drawn intothe intake chamber 130 via inlets 132 and in further embodiments thefluid is drawn in from a periphery of the disk-pack turbine 250.

The intake chamber 130 concentrates (compresses) and passes the chargingmedia into the expansion chamber 252. The expansion chamber 252 causesthe compressed charging media to quickly expand and distribute throughthe disk chambers 262 and over the surfaces of the disk-pack turbinemembers towards a periphery via the disk chambers 262 and in someembodiments back towards the expansion chamber 252. In at least oneembodiment, components of the fluid reverse course through the system,for example, lighter elements present in the fluid that are dissociatedfrom heavier elements present in the fluid. In at least one embodiment,the system includes a capture system for one or more of the dissociatedfluid elements. See, e.g., FIGS. 6A and 6B. The media is conditioned asit passes between the rotating disks from the center towards theperiphery of the disks. In at least one embodiment, the intake chamber130 is omitted.

b. FLUID CONDITIONING

FIGS. 2-4 provide various views of an example embodiment of the presentinvention that is useful in the conditioning, separating, dissociating,and/or transforming liquids, gases and/or other matter. FIGS. 2 and 3illustrate an embodiment of the fluid conditioning system according tothe present invention. In accordance with this embodiment, the systemincludes a fluid intake module 100 with a vortex induction chamber (orvortex chamber) 130 and a disk-pack module 200 with a housing 220, and adisk-pack turbine 250 with an expansion and distribution chamber (orexpansion chamber) 252. The fluid intake module 100 acts as a source ofthe charging medium provided to the disk-pack module 200.

Charging media enters the vortex chamber 130 via fluid inlets 132. Thefluid inlets 132 may also be sized and angled to assist in creating avortex in the charging media within the vortex chamber 130 asillustrated, for example, in FIG. 2. The vortex chamber 130 provides theinitial stage of fluid processing. The housing 220 illustrated in FIGS.3 and 4 is around the disk-pack turbine 250 and is an example of how tocollect fluid components that exit from the periphery of the diskchambers 262.

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate, respectively, a cross-section view and anexploded view of the fluid conditioning system in accordance with anembodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. The housing 220 around the disk-packturbine 250 provides an enclosure in which the disk(s) 260 and rotors264, 266 are able to rotate. The following disclosure provides anexample of how these modules may be constructed and assembled.

The fluid intake module 100 includes a vortex chamber (or intakechamber) 130 within a housing 120 having fluid inlets 132 in fluidinlets in at least one embodiment are sized and angled to assist increating a vortex in the charging medium within the vortex chamber 130.The vortex chamber 130 is illustrated as including an annular mountingcollar 125 having an opening 138. The collar 125 allows the intakechamber 130 to be connected in fluid communication with the expansionchamber 252. The fluid intake module 100 sits above the disk-pack module200 and provides the initial stage of fluid processing. In at least oneembodiment, the vortex chamber 130 is stationary in the system with flowof the charging media through it driven, at least in part, by rotationof the disk-pack turbine 250 present in the housing 220. In anotherembodiment, a vortex is not created in the charging media but, instead,the vortex chamber 130 acts as a conduit for moving the charging mediafrom its source to the expansion chamber 252.

The disk-pack module 200 includes at least one disk-pack turbine 250that defines at least one expansion chamber 252 in fluid communicationwith the vortex chamber 130. The fluid exits from the vortex chamber 130into the expansion chamber 252. The expansion chamber 252 as illustratedis formed by a rigid feature 2522 incorporated into a lower rotor (orlower disk) 266 in the disk-pack turbine 250 with the volumetric areadefined by the center holes in the stacked disks 260 and an upper rotor264. In at least one embodiment, there are multiple expansion chamberswithin the disk-pack turbine each having a lower disk 266 with the rigidfeature 2522. See, e.g., FIGS. 9 and 10 and the next section of thisdisclosure.

As illustrated, the disk-pack turbine 250 includes an upper rotor 264, amiddle disk 260, and a lower rotor 266 with each member having at leastone surface having a waveform pattern 261 present on it. The illustratedat least one rotatable disk(s) 260 and rotors 264, 266 are stacked orplaced adjacent to each other such that a small space of separationremains between the adjacent disk/rotor to form disk chambers 262through which the charging media will enter from the expansion chamber252. The disk chambers 262 are lined with waveforms 261 that arecomplementary between adjacent rotor/disk(s) as illustrated, forexample, in FIGS. 8A-8C, 15A, and 15B. In at least one embodiment, thewaveforms include no angles along any radius extending from a start ofthe waveform pattern to the end of the waveform pattern. In FIG. 4, theillustrated waveform patterns 261 are a series of concentric circles,but based on this disclosure it should be understood that the concentriccircles can be replaced by other patterns discussed in this disclosureand depicted in the figures. The illustrated rotors 264, 266 and disk(s)260 are spaced from each other to form disk chambers 262 between themthat are in fluid communication with the expansion chamber 252. One wayto space them apart is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, where impellers 270such as ceramic spacers are used to separate them and also tointerconnect them together so that they rotate together. Alternativematerials besides ceramics that would work include materials that do notconduct electrical current to electrically isolate the illustratedrotors and disk from each other and the system. In further embodimentsone or more of the upper rotor 264, the middle disk 260, and the lowerrotor 266 are electrically connected. Another way they may be separatedis using support pieces fixedly attached to support bolts runningbetween the top and lower rotors 264, 266. The illustrated lower rotor266 includes a parabolic/concave rigid feature 2522 that forms thebottom of the expansion chamber 252. In an alternative embodiment, therotors 264, 266 and the disk(s) 260 are attached on their peripheries.

The upper rotor 264 and the lower rotor 266 include shoulders 2642, 2662extending from their respective non-waveform surface. The upper rotor264 includes a raised shoulder 2642 that passes through an opening 2222in the upper case 222 of the disk-pack module 200 to establish a fluidpathway connection with the intake chamber 130. In the illustratedembodiment, the upper rotor shoulder 2642 is ringed by a bearing 280around it that rests on a flange 2224 of the upper case 222 and againstthe inside of the collar 125 of the intake chamber housing 120. Thelower rotor shoulder 2662 passes through an opening 2262 in a lower case226 to engage the drive shaft 314. The lower rotor shoulder 2662 issurrounded by a bearing 280 that rests against the flange 2264 of thelower case 226. In an alternative embodiment, the upper rotor 264 andthe lower rotor 266 include a nesting hole for receiving a waveform diskwhere the nesting hole is defined by a periphery wall with gaps forreceiving a connection member of the waveform disk. See, e.g., FIG. 15D.

In at least one embodiment, the center disk 260 will begin to resonateduring use as it spins around the central vertical axis of the systemand fluid is passing over its surface. As the center disk 260 resonatesbetween the upper and lower rotors 264, 266, the disk chambers 262 willbe in constant flux, creating additional and variable zones of expansionand compression in the disk chambers 262 as the middle disk resonatesbetween the upper and lower rotors 264, 266, which in at least oneembodiment results in varied exotic motion. The resulting motion in atleast one embodiment is a predetermined resonance, sympathy, and/ordissonance at varying stages of progression with the frequency targetedto the frequency of the molecules/atoms of the material being processedto manipulate through harmonics/dissonance of the material.

In at least one embodiment, one or more of the disk-pack turbinecomponents may be prepared/equipped with a capacity for the induction ofspecifically selected and/or differentiated electrical charges which maybe static or pulsed at desirable frequencies from sources 320. Examplesof how electrical charges may be delivered to specific componentsinclude electrical brushes or electromechanical isolated devices,induction, etc., capable of delivering an isolated charge to specificcomponents such as alternately charging disks within a rotor withopposite/opposing polarities. In addition to inducing electrical chargesto rotating disk-pack turbine components, electrical charging can alsobe a useful means of affecting a polar fluid, i.e., when it is desirableto expose a subject charging medium to opposing attractive influencesor, in some cases, pre-ionization of a fluid. For example, passingin-flowing media through a charged ion chamber for pre-excitation ofmolecular structures prior to entry into the vortex chamber, followed byprogression into the expansion and distribution chamber may enhancedissociative efficiencies.

The housing 220 includes a chamber 230 in which the disk-pack turbine250 rotates. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the housing chamber 230and the outside surface of the disk-pack turbine 250 in at least oneembodiment have complementary surfaces. The illustrated housing 220includes the upper case 222, the bottom case 226, and a peripheral case224. The illustrated housing 222 also includes a pair of flow inhibitors223, 225 attached respectively to the upper case 222 and the bottom case226. Based on this disclosure, it should be appreciated that somecomponents of the housing 220 may be integrally formed together as onepiece. FIG. 3 also illustrates how the housing 220 may include aparaboloid feature 234 for the chamber 230 in which the disk-packturbine 250 rotates. The paraboloid shape of the outside surface of thedisk-pack turbine 250, in at least one embodiment, assists withobtaining the harmonic frequency of the rotors 264, 266 and disk(s) 260themselves as they spin in the chamber 230, thus increasing thedissociation process for the fluid passing through the system. In atleast one embodiment, the rotors 264, 266 have complementary outer facesto the shape of the chamber 230.

The upper case 222 includes an opening 2222 passing through its top thatis aligned with the opening in the bearing 280. As illustrated in FIGS.3 and 4, a bearing 280 is present to minimize any friction that mightexist between the shoulder 2642 of the top rotor 264 and the housingcollar 125 and the upper case 222. The bearing 280, in at least oneembodiment, also helps to align the top 2524 of the expansion chamber252 with the outlet 138 of the vortex chamber 130. Likewise, the lowercase 226 includes an opening 2262 passing through its bottom that islined with a bearing 280 that surrounds the shoulder (or motor hub) 2662of the lower disk 266.

The peripheral case 224 includes a plurality of discharge ports 232spaced about its perimeter. The discharge ports 232 are in fluidcommunication with the disk chambers 262. The flow inhibitors 223, 225in the illustrated system, in at least one embodiment, assist withrouting the flow of fluid exiting from the periphery of the disk-packturbine 250 towards the discharge ports (or collection points) 232 inthe housing 220. In at least one embodiment, there is a containmentvessel 900 (see, e.g., FIGS. 6 and 7) around the housing 220 to collectthe discharged gas from the system.

Additional examples of electrical isolation components include thefollowing approaches. The drive system/spindle/shaft is electricallyisolated via the use of a large isolation ring made of non-conductivematerial, which creates discontinuity between the drive shaft andground. In at least one embodiment, all disk-pack turbine components areelectrically isolated from one another utilizing, for example,non-conducting tubes, shims, bushings, isolation rings, and washers. Themain feed tube (or intake chamber) is also electrically isolated fromthe top rotor via the use of an additional isolation ring. The feed tubeand support structure around the system are electrically isolated viathe use of additional isolation elements such as nylon bolts. In mostcases, there is no electrical continuity between any components, fromdrive shaft progressing upward through all rotating components to thetop of the vortex chamber and support structures. There are, however,occasions when electrical continuity is desirable as describedpreviously.

In at least one embodiment, the vortex chamber 130 shapes the inflowingcharging media into a through-flowing vortex that serves to accumulate,accelerate, stimulate, and concentrate the charging media as it is drawninto the expansion chamber 252 by centrifugal suction. As the rotatingcompressed charging media passes through the base opening 138 of thevortex chamber 130, it rapidly expands as it enters into the revolvingexpansion chamber 252. Once within the expansion chamber 252, thecharging media is further accelerated and expanded while being dividedand drawn by means of a rotary vacuum into the waveform disk channels262 of the rotors 264, 266 and disk(s) 260 around the expansion chamber252. While progressing through the waveform geometries of the rotors anddisks around the expansion chamber 252, the charging media is exposed toa multiplicity of dynamic action and reactionary forces and influenceswhich work in concert to achieve desired outcomes relative toconditioning, separation, and/or transformation of liquids and gasesand/or other matter.

FIG. 5 illustrates a partial cutaway view of the embodiment illustratedin FIGS. 2-4. FIG. 5 provides an example of the fluid flow dynamicswithin the disks in accordance with the present invention. Waveformschannels are formed in the disk chambers 262 by the geometric patterns261 on the rotors 264, 266 and disk(s) 260. FIG. 5 illustrates howstepped waveform harmonics cause high and low pressure zones to form inthe channels with the circulation of the flow illustrated from the topto the bottom of the zones by the C's (clockwise) and backward C's(counterclockwise) that reflect the circulation. These pressure zonesand tortile reciprocating motion allow the charging media and materialto flow within the channels and to break the bonds between atoms in atleast one embodiment. As the disk-pack turbine 250 rotates the chargingmedia within the expansion chamber 252, the charging media flows fromthe center of the disk-pack turbine 250 through the disk chambers 262towards the periphery of the disk-pack turbine 250. As the chargingmedia passes through the disk chambers 262 the media is conditioned,separated, dissociated, and/or transformed based on controllablevariables such as construction materials, waveform geometry, tolerances,numbers of progressions, waveform diameters, disk stack densities,internal and external influences and charging media composition.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate an embodiment having a plurality of gascollection conduits 902, 904, 906, 908 for further separating gasesbased on weight. The illustrated system includes a containment vessel900 that encloses the disk-pack module 200A. Also illustrated is anexample of motor 310A driving the driveshaft 312A with a belt 316A and awork surface (or bench/platform) 910. The illustrated embodiment sharessome similarities with the previous embodiment including the presence ofan intake module 100A with an intake 132A and a disk-pack module 200A.

The illustrated system includes at least five points for removal of gasand other material from the system. Extending out from the containmentvessel 900 is a separation conduit 902 that branches twice into a firstbranch conduit 904 and a second branch conduit 906. The first branchconduit 904 provides three points at which fluid may be withdrawn fromthe system through valves 930, 931, 932. The second branch conduit 906leads to valve 933. Extending from the intake module 100A is a thirdbranch conduit 908 that leads to valve 934. Based on this disclosure, itshould be appreciated that the separation conduits can take a variety offorms other than those that are illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B. Thegases (or fluids) are separated in at least one embodiment using atleast one of the following: specific gravity, exit velocity,opposite-attractors installed along the conduit or proximate to a valve,electric and/or magnetic for matter with positive/negative orNorth/South polar predominance. In at least one embodiment the waveformdisks illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B were used in a gas separationdesigned system. In at least one embodiment, it was found that when thewaveform disks illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B were rotated between 3,680and 11,000 RPM that hydrogen was separated out from environmental air.

FIG. 7A illustrates a pair of disks 260Z installed in a top rotor 264Zand a bottom rotor 266Z, respectively, that have been found to bebeneficial for a gas separation embodiment. The illustrated disks 260Zinclude matched waveform patterns with two sets of hyperbolic waveforms2642Z and three sets of substantially circular waveforms 2646Z. FIGS. 7Aand 7B illustrate an alternative embodiment that includes exit portsincluding multiple convergent exit ports 2649Z and multiple divergentexit ports 2648Z that pair together to form convergent/divergent ports.FIG. 7B illustrates an example of a waveform changing height as ittravels around the disk (2611Z represents the low level and 2612Zrepresents the high level). FIG. 7B illustrates an example of how thewaveforms may vary in width (2613Z represents a wide segment and 2614Zrepresents a thinner segment). FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate an example ofhow waveforms 2642Z and 2646Z travel substantially around andsubstantially axially centered about the opening 252Z in top rotor 264Z.

For various applications, it may be desirable to have an internalgeometry conducive to hyper-expansion of the charging media followed byreduction/diminishing flow tolerances for the purpose of compression orreconstitution of the charging media. This secondary compression cycleis useful for producing concentrated, highly energetic, molecularlyreorganized charging media for applications such as fuel formulation.

One cool, moist morning prior to starting a testing session with asystem built according to the invention similar to the fluid intakemodule 100A and the disk-pack module 200A illustrated in FIG. 6A, asystem valve 132A in fluid communication with the containment vessel (orhousing) 900 was pulled open. This resulted in a relatively loudthump/energetic reaction/phoom. On the next day, another individual wasasked to pull the valve 132A open for verification. The reactionaryphoom occurred again. It was understood that the moisture content in theair, itself, was being dissociated, with the lighter material beingcontained in the upper, domed part of the sealed vessel and trappedtherein by a cushion of air. For verification, all valves were closedand the system was allowed to run at 2700 RPM in this closed conditionfor 5 minutes. A valve 132A was slowly pulled open and a flame appliedto the discharging material, which resulted in the valve erupting in amomentary pale blue flame. Further testing and refinement of the processincluded the introduction of higher moisture/water concentrations in theform of atomized mist and water injection. Simple vessel valve andtubing arrangements were set up for rudimentary gas product division andcapture as illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B. Utilizing a small biaxialconfiguration for the disk-pack turbine, which included just an upperrotor 264A and a lower rotor 266A, was sufficient to establishrepeatable, verifiable dissociation achieved through hyperbolic rotarymotion alone. An example of the rotors 264A, 266A of the disk-packturbine 250A is illustrated in FIGS. 8A-8C. FIG. 8A illustrates the topof the disk-pack turbine 250A, FIG. 8B illustrates the bottom face ofthe upper rotor 264A, and FIG. 8C illustrates the top face of the lowerrotor 266A. The illustrated waveform pattern includes a sinusoidal ridge2642A and a circular ridge 2646A. The lower rotor 266A includes acircular outer face ridge 2646A. Also, illustrated is an example ofmounting holes 2502A for assembling the disk-pack turbine 250A. In analternative embodiment, the wave patterns are switched between the upperrotor 264A and the bottom rotor 266A. Stoichiometric gas concentrationscapable of sustaining flame were achieved through broad variations insystemic configuration and operating conditions.

c. MULTI-STAGE SYSTEMS

FIGS. 9A-11 illustrate different embodiments of a multiple stage systemthat includes disk-pack turbines 250B-250D for each stage of the system.The illustrated disk-pack turbines are different, because the waveformdisks are conical shape with circular waveform patterns. FIGS. 9A and 9Billustrate a common housing 220B, intake module 130B, and discharge port232B. Each disk-pack turbine includes at least one expansion chamber252B-252D that routes fluid into the at least one disk chamber 262 ofthe disk-pack turbine 250B-250D. In the illustrated examples, eachdisk-pack turbine 250B-250D includes a top rotor 264B-264D thatsubstantially provides a barrier to fluid exiting the periphery fromflowing upwards above the disk-pack turbine to assist in routing theexiting fluid to the next stage or the at least one discharge port. In afurther embodiment, the at least one discharge port is located along theperiphery of the last disk-pack turbine instead of or in addition to theillustrated bottom discharge port 232B in FIGS. 10 and 11. These figuresillustrate the disk-pack module housing 220B with only a representativeinput illustrated to represent the vortex chamber (or alternatively anintake chamber that is substantially cylindrical) that feeds theseillustrated systems.

When the discharge port is at the bottom of the housing, the driveshaft(not illustrated) passes up through the discharge port to engage thelowest rotor. Between the individual disk-pack turbines there aredriveshafts such as those illustrated in FIG. 9C that extend through thetop rotating rotor/disk of the lower disk-pack turbine to the bottomrotor of the higher disk-pack turbine or alternatively there are aplurality of impellers between each pair of disks that are not mountedto the housing. The driveshafts 312B will connect to the rotating diskvia support members to allow for the flow of fluid through the expansionchamber. FIG. 9C illustrates a partial cross-section of a multi-stagesystem with a disk-pack turbine 250D′ and a second disk-pack turbine250B′ that are similar to the disk-pack turbines discussed in connectionwith FIGS. 10 and 11 except there is no flange depicted on the top rotorand the bottom of the expansion chambers is provided by a concavefeature 3122B and 3124B incorporated into the driveshaft 312B. Beloweach disk-pack turbine is a discharge module that includes dischargeports 232′ in a top surface to funnel the captured gas through dischargeoutlet 2322′ into the next stage or the discharge port of the system.

FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional and conceptual view of an exampleof a multi-stage stacked waveform disk system in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention. The illustrated multi-stage systemincludes a plurality of stacked disk-pack turbines 250B-250D that aredesigned to first expand/dissociate and then compress/concentrate thecharging media through the expansion chamber and the disk chambers ineach disk-pack turbine. In an alternative embodiment, additional portsare added around the periphery at one or more of the stages to allowmaterial (or fluid) to be added or material to be recovered/removed fromthe system.

Disk-pack turbine 250D is an expansive waveform disk-pack turbine andincludes multiple waveform channels. Disk-pack turbine 250C is a secondstage concentrating/compressive waveform disk-pack turbine. Disk-packturbine 250B is a third stage concentrating/compressive waveformdisk-pack turbine that provides an example of just a pair of rotors. Theillustrated system includes an intake chamber 130B in fluidcommunication with the expansion chamber 252B. The expansion chamber252B is formed by openings in the center of the plurality of rotors264B, 266B and disks 260B that form disk-pack turbine 250B. The bottomrotors 266B-266D in disk-pack turbines 250B-250D, respectively, aresolid and do not have an opening in the center, but instead include abottom concave feature 2522B, 2522C, 2522D that forms the bottom of theexpansion chamber 252B. The solid bottom rotors 266B-266D prevent fluidfrom flowing completely through the center of the disk-pack turbine250B-250D and encourage the fluid to be distributed into the variousdisk chambers 262 within the disk-pack turbines 250B-250D such that thefluid flows from the center to the periphery. Each of the top rotors264B-264D in disk-pack turbines 250B-250D includes lips 2646 thatsubstantially seal the perimeter of the top disk with a housing 220. Thelips 2646 thereby encourage fluid to flow within discharge channels253B-253D. Discharge channel 253B connects disk-pack turbine 250B andthe expansion chamber of disk-pack turbine 250C in fluid communication.Discharge channel 253C connects disk-pack turbine 250C and the expansionchamber 252B of disk-pack turbine 250B in fluid communication. Dischargechannel 253D connects disk-pack turbine 250D in fluid communication withfluid outlet 232B. In an alternative embodiment, the top rotors do notrotate and are attached to the housing to form the seals.

FIG. 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another example of amulti-stage stacked waveform disk system in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention. The multi-stage system of thisembodiment includes a plurality of disk-pack turbines. The illustrateddisk-pack turbines 250D, 250C, 250B are taken from the previousembodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 and have been reordered to provide afurther example of the flexibility provided by at least one embodimentof the invention.

The charging media may also be externally pre-conditioned or“pre-sweetened” prior to entering the system. The pre-conditioning ofthe charging media may be accomplished by including or mixing into thecharging media desirable material that can be molecularly blended orcompounded with the predominant charging media. This material may beintroduced as the media enters into and progresses through the system,or at any stage within the process. Polar electrical charging orexcitation of the media may also be desirable. Electrical charging ofthe media may be accomplished by pre-ionizing the media prior toentering the system, or by exposing the media to induced frequencyspecific pulsed polar electrical charges as the media flows through thesystem via passage over the surface of the disks.

d. POWER GENERATION

These objectives are accomplished, for example, via the harnessing andutilization of transformational dynamics and forces propagated as theresult of liquids, gases, and/or other forms of matter and energyprogressing through and/or interacting with rotating hyperbolic waveformstructure.

In at least one embodiment the present invention provides a system andmethod for producing and harnessing energy from ambient sources at ratesthat are over unity, i.e., the electrical energy produced is higher thanthe electrical energy consumed (or electrical energy out is greater thanelectrical energy in). The system and method in at least one embodimentof the present invention utilize rotating waveforms to manipulate,condition, and transform mass and matter into highly energetic fields,e.g., polar flux, electrical, and electro-magnetic fields. The presentinvention, in at least one embodiment, is also capable of generatingdiamagnetic fields as strong forces at ambient operational temperatures.

FIGS. 12-15D illustrate an example embodiment of the present inventionthat is useful in generating electrical energy. The illustrated systemuses as inputs environmental energies, air and electrical energy todrive a motor to rotate the disk-pack turbine and, in a furtherembodiment, it harnesses the environment around the system to formmagnetic fields. The present invention in at least one embodiment iscapable of producing very strong field energy at ambient temperatureswhile using relatively minimal input electrical energy compared to theelectrical energy production. FIGS. 15A-15D illustrate a pair ofwaveform disks that can be mated together with a pair of rotors. Theillustrated waveform disks are depicted in FIG. 14. FIG. 15A illustratesthe top of a disk-pack turbine 250E with a top rotor 264E with anopening into the expansion chamber 252E. FIGS. 15B and 15C illustrate apair of mated disks for use in power generation according to theinvention. The disks are considered to be mated because they fittogether as depicted in FIG. 15D, because a disk channel 262E is formedbetween them while allowing fluid to pass between the disks 260E. FIG.15D illustrates an example of the mated disks 260E placed between a toprotor 264E and a bottom rotor 266E with bolts attaching the componentstogether around the periphery. As mentioned earlier, the bolts in atleast one embodiment pass through a nylon (or similar material) tube andthe spacers are nylon rings.

The creation of a magnetic field to generate electrical current resultsfrom the rotation of a disk-pack turbine 250E and at least one magnetdisk 502 that is on an opposite side of the coil disk from the disk-packturbine. In at least one embodiment, the coil disk 510 includes aplurality of coils 512 that are connected into multiple-phase sets. Thedisclosure that follows provides additional discussion of the embodimentillustrated in FIGS. 12-15D; as an example, starting with the chamber130E and proceeding down through the system. As with the previousembodiments, the chamber 130E feeds the charging media to the disk-packturbine 250E during operation of the system and in at least one furtherembodiment the chamber 130E is omitted as depicted in FIGS. 16 and 17.In the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 16 and 17, the intake occursthrough the feed housing 126E and/or the periphery of the disk-packturbine 250E. As mentioned previously, the intake of air is not arequirement for operation of the system in at least one embodiment andas such the feed housing 126E may be replaced by a shaft.

In at least one embodiment, the intake chamber 100E includes a cap 122E,a housing 120E connected to an intake port 132E, a lower housing 124Earound a bearing 280E as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 14. In analternative embodiment, one or more of the intake chamber components areintegrally formed together. The housing 120E includes a vortex chamber130E that includes a funnel section that tapers the wall inward from theintake ports 132E to an opening that is axially aligned with the feedchamber 136E. The funnel section in at least one embodiment is formed bya wall that has sides that follow a long radial path in the verticaldescending direction from a top to the feed chamber 136E (or otherreceiving section or expansion chamber). The funnel section assists inthe formation of a vortex flow of charging medium downward into thesystem.

Below the main part of the chamber 130E is a tri-arm centering member602 that holds in place the system in axial alignment with the driveshaft 314E. The vortex chamber 130E is in fluid communication with feedchamber 136E present in feed housing 126E. The feed housing 126E passesthrough a collar housing 125E and a magnet plate 502, which ispositioned and in rotational engagement with the collar housing 125E.The feed housing 126E is in rotational engagement through bearings 282Ewith the collar housing 125E. The collar housing 125E is supported bybearing 282E that rides on the top of the lower feed housing that isconnected to the disk-pack turbine 250E. The feed chamber 136E opens upinto a bell-shaped section 138E starting the expansion back out of theflow of the charging medium for receipt by the expansion chamber 252E.The intake housing components 120E, 122E, 124E together with the feedhousing 138E in at least one embodiment together are the intake module100E.

The magnet plate 502 includes a first array of six magnets (not shown)attached to or embedded in it that in the illustrated embodiment areheld in place by bolts 5022 as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 14. Inanother embodiment, the number of magnets is determined based on thenumber of phases and the number of coils such that the magnets of thesame polarity pass over each of coils in each phase-set geometrically atthe exact moment of passage. The magnet plate 502 in at least oneembodiment is electrically isolated from the feed housing 126E and therest of system via, for example, electrically insulated/non-conductingbearings (not shown). The upper plate 502 is able to freely rotate aboutthe center axis of the disk-pack turbine 250E by way of the collarhousing 125E made from, for example, aluminum which is bolted to the topof the upper round plate 502 and has two centrally located ball bearingassemblies, an upper bearing 282E and a lower bearing 283E, that slideover the central feed housing 126E, which serves as a support shaft. Thedistance of separation between the magnet plate 502 and the top of thedisk-pack turbine 250E is maintained, for example, by a mechanical setcollar, shims, or spacers.

During operation, the first array of magnets is in magnetic and/or fluxcommunication with a plurality of coils 512 present on or in astationary non-conductive disk (or platform) 510. The coil platform 510is supported by support members 604 attached to the frame 600 in aposition between the array of magnets and the disk-pack turbine 250E.The platform 510 in the illustrated embodiment is electrically isolatedfrom the rest of the system. In at least one embodiment, the platform510 is manufactured from Plexiglas, plastic, phenolic or a similarlyelectrically inert material or carbon fiber.

A disk-pack turbine 250E is in rotational engagement with the feedchamber 138E. As with the other embodiments, the disk-pack turbine 250Eincludes an expansion chamber 252E that is in fluid communication withthe intake chamber 130E to establish a fluid pathway from the inlets tothe at least one disk chamber 262E (two are illustrated in FIG. 14) inthe disk-pack turbine 250E. The illustrated embodiment includes twopairs of mated disks 260E sandwiched by a pair of rotors 264E, 266Ewhere the disks 260E and the top rotor 264E each includes an openingpassing therethrough and the bottom rotor 266E includes a rigid feature2522E that together define the expansion chamber 252E. The disk chambers262 in the illustrated embodiment are present between the two disks ineach mated pair with slightly paraboloid shaped surfaces (although theycould be tapered or flat) being present between the neighboring disks,where the bottom disk of the top mated disk pair and the top disk of thebottom mated disk pair are the neighboring disks. Each disk 260E of themated pairs of disks is formed of complimentary non-magnetic materialsby classification, such that the mated pair incorporating internalhyperbolic relational waveform geometries creates a disk that causeslines of magnetic flux to be looped into a field of powerful diamagnetictori and repelled by the disk. An example of material to place betweenthe mated disk pairs is phenolic cut into a ring shape to match theshape of the disks.

In the illustrated embodiment, the bottom rotor 266E provides theinterface 2662E with the drive system 314E. In at least one embodiment,the rotors will be directly connected to the respective disks withoutelectrically isolating the rotor from the nested disk. In anotherembodiment, the disks are electrically isolated from the rotor nestingthe disk. The illustrated configuration provides for flexibility inchanging disks 260E into and out of the disk-pack turbine 250E and/orrearranging the disks 260E.

A lower coil platform 510′ may also be attached to the frame 600 with aplurality of support members 604. The lower platform 510′ includes asecond array of coils 512′ adjacent and below the disk-pack turbine250E. An optional second array of six magnets (not shown) present inmagnet plate 504 are illustrated as being in rotational engagement of adrive shaft 314E that drives the rotation of the disk-pack turbine 250E,but the bottom magnet plate 504 in at least one embodiment is in freerotation about the drive shaft 314E using, for example, a bearing. Thedrive shaft 314E is driven by a motor, for example, either directly orvia a mechanical or magnetic coupling.

Each of the first array of coils 512 and the second array of coils 512′are interconnected to form a phased array such as a three or four phasearrangement with 9 and 12 coils, respectively. Each coil set includes ajunction box 5122 (illustrated in FIG. 12) that provides aneutral/common to all of the coils present on the coil disk 510 andprovision for Earth/ground. Although not illustrated, it should beunderstood based on this disclosure that there are a variety of ways tointerconnect the coils to form multiple phases in wye or delta or even asingle phase by connecting coils in series or parallel. As illustrated,for each coil, there are a pair of junction points that are used toconnect to common and positive and as illustrated the left box 5124attaches to electrical power out while the right box 5126 connects toneutral/common.

In at least one embodiment with a three phase arrangement, the coils foreach phase are separated by 120 degrees with the magnets in the magnetplate spaced every 60 degrees around the magnet plate. The first arrayof magnets, the first array of coils 512, the second array of coils512′, and second array of magnets should each be arranged in a patternsubstantially within the vertical circumference of the disk-pack turbine250E, e.g., in circular patterns or staggered circular patterns of asubstantially similar diameter as the disks 260E. In another embodiment,there are multiple coil platforms and/or coil arrays between thedisk-pack turbine and the magnet plate.

The lower magnet plate 504 has a central hub 5042 bolted to it whichalso houses two ball bearing assemblies 282E, which are slid over themain spindle drive shaft 314E before the disk-pack turbine 250E isattached. This allows the lower magnet plate 504 to freely rotate aboutthe center axis of the system and the distance of separation between thelower plate 504E and disk-pack turbine 250E is maintained, for example,by a mechanical set collar, spacers, and/or shims or the height of thedriveshaft 314E.

Suitable magnets for use in at least one embodiment of the invention arerare earth and/or electromagnets. An example is using three inch disktype rare earth magnets rated at 140 pounds and in further embodimentsmagnets rated at 400 pounds are used; but based on this disclosure itshould be understood that a variety of magnet strengths may be used.Depending on the construction used, all may be North magnets, Southmagnets, or a combination such as alternating magnets. In at least oneembodiment, all metallic system components, e.g., frame 600, chamberhousing 120E, magnet plates 502, 504, are formed of non-magnetic or verylow magnetic material with other system components, e.g., bearings,spacers, tubing, etc., are made of non-magnetic materials. The system,including frame 600 and lower platform 504, in at least one embodimentare electrically grounded (Earth). In a further embodiment, all movablecomponents, particularly including chamber housing 120E and individualcomponents of the disk-pack turbine 250E, are all electrically isolatedby insulators such as non-conductive ceramic or phenolic bearings,and/or spacers.

In a further embodiment, the magnet plate(s) is mechanically coupled tothe waveform disks. In a still further embodiment, the magnet plate(s)is mechanically locked to rotate in a fixed relationship with thedisk-pack turbine through for example the collar housing 125Eillustrated in FIG. 13. This results in lower, but very stable and safeoutput values. In a further alternative embodiment, the magnet plate(s)are connected to a separate drive system(s) that provides independentcontrol of rotation speed from the rotation speed of the disk-packturbine and in at least one further embodiment precise frequency controlwhich can range from hertz to gigahertz as waveform structures andnumbers of waveforms, other structures and waveform transitionalwaveform geometry have a direct correlation to outgoing output andoperational frequencies. In a further embodiment, one set of coilplatform and magnet plate are omitted from the illustrated embodimentsof FIG. 12-17.

In use of the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 12-14, the rotatabledisk-pack turbine is driven by an external power source such as abattery bank, wall power, or a generator. In at least one embodiment, asthe disk-pack turbine rotates a vacuum or suction is created in thesystem according to at least one embodiment. This vacuum draws acharging media into the intake chamber 130E via fluid inlets 132E. Theintake chamber 130E transforms the drawn charging media into a vortexthat further facilitates passing the charging media into the expansionchamber. As the charging media passes through the system, at least aportion of the through-flowing charging media is transformed into polarfluxes which are discharged or emanated from specific exit points withinthe system. This magnetic polar energy discharges at the center axis andperiphery of the rotatable disk-pack turbine. For example, when themagnetic polar energy discharged at the periphery is a North polar flow,the magnetic energy discharged at the axis is a South polar flow. Inthis example, by introducing north-facing permanent magnets on magnetplates 502, 504 into the north-flowing flux, repulsive forces arerealized. By placing the North-facing polar arrays at specific obliqueangles, the rotatable disk-pack turbine is driven by the repelling polarflux. Utilizing only the polar drive force and ambient environmentalenergies and air as the charging media, the system is capable of beingdriven at a maximum allowed speed. Simultaneously, while generatingpolar flux discharges at the axis and periphery of the disk-pack turbine250E, powerful, high torque, levitative diamagnetic fields manifestthrough the top and bottom surfaces of the disk-pack turbine. In atleast one embodiment, the field strength of the diamagnetic fields isdirectly proportionate to the speed of rotation of the magnet arrays andmagnet strength in relation to the rotating disk-pack turbine. Each ofthe mated pairs of rotatable waveform disks 260E is capable of producingvery strong field energy at ambient temperatures while utilizing anextraordinarily small amount of input electrical energy. As an example,each of the mated pairs of rotatable waveform disks 260E is capable ofproducing well over one thousand (1,000) pounds of resistive, repulsive,levitative field energy. That is, the system is capable of repeatedly,sustainably and controllably producing a profoundly powerful diamagneticfield at ambient temperatures while utilizing relatively minimal inputenergy.

It is believe that the presence of the diamagnetic fields being producedby the rotating waveforms lowers the resistance in the coils to explainthe lack of significant temperature change that occurs during operationof the system. This belief is supported by the lowering of theresistance present in the coils after removal from the system whenmeasured by an ohm meter. Furthermore, the failure of the producedfields to respect polarity is further support for this belief. Thegeneration of fields is done at substantially ambient temperatures.Additionally, overtime the coils assist in generating higher currentlevels as their resistance disappears.

In a further embodiment illustrated, for example, in FIG. 16, thechamber 120E above the tri-arm support member 602 is omitted and theexpansion chamber pulls charging material from the atmosphere as opposedto through the intake chamber 120. In at least one embodiment, materialis pulled from and discharged at the periphery of the disk-pack turbine250E simultaneously.

FIG. 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment to that illustrated inFIG. 16. The illustrated embodiment includes a flux return 700 torestrain the magnetic fields and concentrate the magnetic flux createdby the disk-pack turbine 250E and increase the flux density on themagnet plate 502 and coils 512. An example of material that can be usedfor the flux return 700 is steel. In at least one embodiment, the fluxshield 600 is sized to match the outer diameter of the outer edge of themagnets on the magnet plate 502.

Another example embodiment of the present invention is illustrated inFIG. 18 and includes two disk-pack turbines 250F having a pair of rotors264F, 266F sandwiching a pair of disks 260F, two sets of electrical coilarrays configured for the production of three-phase electrical power,and two bearing-mounted, free-floating, all North-facing magneticarrays, along with various additional circuits, controls and devices.One difference with the previous embodiments is that the disk-packturbines 250F are spaced apart leaving an open area between them intowhich one or more coil disks and/or magnets disks may be inserted. Anexample would be two coil disks sandwiching one magnet disk.

Another difference for the power-generation embodiments from the otherdescribed embodiments is the omission of a housing around all of therotating components. One reason for this difference is that theillustrated embodiment is directed at power generation, but based onthis disclosure it should be understood that an alternative embodimentadds a collection/containment dome (or wall) to this illustrated systemto provide a means of collecting and harnessing forapplication/utilization the profound additional environmental electricalfields/DC voltages and dramatic currents/field amperage as well as thecollection of any fluid components that manifest as a result of thepower generation processes.

The nature of electricity generated by this embodiment is substantiallydifferent as compared to conventional power generation. The waveformdisks are manufactured as nesting pairs. Each waveform disk pair may beof like or dissimilar materials, depending on design criteria, i.e.,aluminum and aluminum, or, as example, aluminum, brass or copper. In atleast one embodiment, the plurality of disks are formed of at least onematerial capable of generating strong force diamagnetism. When awaveform disk pair is separated by a specific small distance/gap and areelectrically isolated from one another by means of no mechanical contactand non-conducting isolation and assembly methods and elements likethose described earlier, chambers are formed between each disk pair thatprovide for highly exotic flow paths, motion, screening currents,frequencies, pressure differentials, and many other actionary andreactionary fluid and energetic dynamics and novel electrical and polarphenomena. Immediately upon energizing the drive motor to set thedisk-pack turbine rotor in motion, the inner disk hyperbolic geometriesbegin to interact with the magnetic fields provided by the rotatableRare Earth magnet arrays, even though there are no magnetic materialsincorporated into the manufacture of the disk-pack turbine. By the timethe disk-pack turbine reaches the speed of approximately 60 RPM,diamagnetic field effects between the disk-pack turbine faces and magnetarrays are sufficient to establish a driving/impelling link between thedisk-pack turbine and magnet array faces.

A variety of magnetic polar fluxes and electrical currents begin tomanifest and dramatically increase in proportion to speed of rotation.Diamagnetism manifests as a profoundly strong force at the upper andlower rotor faces as primarily vertical influences which, throughrepellent diamagnetic fields, act to drive the magnet arrays whilesimultaneously generating a significant rotational torque component. Ithas been determined that these strong force diamagnetic fields can betransmitted through/passed through insulators to other metallicmaterials such as aluminum and brass. These diamagnetic fields,generated at ambient temperatures, are always repellant irrespective ofmagnet polarity. Although mechanically generated, these diamagneticfields are, believed to be in fact, screening and/or eddy currentspreviously only recognized as a strong force associated with magneticfields as they relate to superconductors operating at cryogenictemperatures. The system is configured to rotate on the horizontalplane, resulting in the most profound magnetic field effects manifestingand emanating at an oblique, though near right angle relative to theupper and lower rotor faces. The most profound electrical outputs in thesystem emanate from the periphery of the disk-pack turbine and aremeasurable as very high field amperages and atmospheric voltages. As anexample, when attaching a hand held amp meter to any of the threestructural aluminum risers of the built system illustrated, for example,in FIG. 12, it is common to observe amperages of over 150 amps perelectrically isolated riser. Polar/magnetic fluxes are the primary fluidacting in this system configured for electrical power generation. Anadditional component acting within the system is atmospheric air. Incertain implementations, allowing the intake, dissociation, anddischarge of the elements within atmospheric air as well as exposure toambient atmospheric energies increases the magnetic field effects andelectrical power output potential by plus/minus 40%.

The diamagnetic fields utilized for electrical power generation make itpossible to orient all magnets within the magnet arrays to North, South,or in a customary North/South alternating configuration. When all Northor South facing magnets are configured in relation to the diamagneticrotor fields, voltages and frequencies realized are extremely high. Withall North or South magnet orientation the diamagnetism, which is bothNorth and South magnetic loops, provides the opposite polarity for thegeneration of AC electricity. By configuring the system with alternatingmagnetic polarities and minor power output conditioning, it has beenpossible to practically divide the output values and bring the voltagesand frequencies into useful ranges. As an example using an earlierconfiguration, measuring only the three phrases of the upper coil array,output values of 900 volts at 60 HZ with a rotor speed of 1200 RPM aretypical. Based on research, it is believed the magnetic fluxes behavelike gasses/fluids and can act as such. The addition/intake/dissociationof air and other ambient influences adds significantly to the process;however, with the presence of magnetic and/or other ambient fieldsinteracting with the hyperbolic waveform structures alone, it isbelieved that both exotic, magnetic phenomena as well as electricity aregenerated. It is believed it would be impossible to be generating theseprofound diamagnetic fields without also simultaneously generatingcorresponding electrical currents. As soon as a magnet, even handheld,is introduced above the disk surface and the diamagnetic repellenteffect is felt, electrical current is being produced, thereby creatingthe diamagnetic phenomena.

e. WAVEFORM DISKS

The previously described waveforms and the one illustrated in FIGS. 8Band 8C are examples of the possibilities for their structure. Thewaveform patterns increase the surface area in which the charging mediaand fields pass over and through during operation of the system. It isbelieved the increased surface area as alluded to earlier in thisdisclosure provides an area in which the environmental fields in theatmosphere are screened in such a way as to provide a magnetic field inthe presence of a magnet. This is even true when the waveform disk isstationary and a magnet is passed over its surface (either the waveformside or back side of the waveform disk), and the ebbs and flow of themagnetic field track the waveform patterns on the disk, manifesting inat least one embodiment as strong, geometric eddy currents/geometricmolasses.

FIGS. 8A-8C illustrates an example of a small biaxial configuration forthe disk-pack turbine, which includes an upper rotor 264A and a lowerrotor 266A, was sufficient to establish repeatable, verifiabledissociation achieved through hyperbolic rotary motion alone. FIG. 8Aillustrates the top of the disk-pack turbine 250A, FIG. 8B illustratesthe bottom face of the upper rotor 264A, and FIG. 8C illustrates the topface of the lower rotor 266A. The illustrated waveform pattern includesa sinusoidal ridge 2642A and a circular ridge 2646A. The lower rotor266A includes a circular outer face ridge 2668A. Also, illustrated is anexample of mounting holes 2502A for assembling the disk-pack turbine250A. In an alternative embodiment, the wave patterns are switchedbetween the upper rotor 264A and the bottom rotor 266A. Stoichiometricgas concentrations capable of sustaining flame were achieved throughbroad variations in systemic configuration and operating conditions.

The previously described waveforms and the one illustrated in FIGS. 8Band 8C are examples of the possibilities for their structure. Thewaveform patterns increase the surface area in which the charging mediaand fields pass over and through during operation of the system. It isbelieved the increased surface area as alluded to earlier in thisdisclosure provides an area in which the environmental fields in theatmosphere are screened in such a way as to provide a magnetic field inthe presence of a magnet. This is even true when the waveform disk isstationary and a magnet is passed over its surface (either the waveformside or back side of the waveform disk), and the ebbs and flow of themagnetic field track the waveform patterns on the disk, manifesting inat least one embodiment as strong, geometric eddy currents/geometricmolasses.

As discussed above, the waveform disks include a plurality of radii,grooves and ridges that in most examples are complimentary to each otherwhen present on opposing surfaces. In at least one example, the heightin the vertical axis and/or the depth measured along a radius of thedisk chambers vary along a radius as illustrated, for example, in FIG.15D. In at least one example, when a disk surface with the waveforms onit is viewed looking towards the waveforms, the waveforms take a varietyof shapes that radiate from the opening that passes through (or theridge feature on) the disk. In at least one example, the number of peaksfor each level of waveforms progressing out from the center increases,which in a further example includes a multiplier selected from a rangeof 2 to 8 and more particularly in at least one embodiment is 2. In atleast one embodiment, the number of peaks for each level of waveformsprogressing out from the center stays the same or increases by amultiplier. In at least one embodiment, the multiplier is selected toamplify and compound internal and external energy interactions andproduction.

FIGS. 19A-19E illustrate a variety of additional waveform examples. Theillustrated plates include two different waveforms. The first waveformis a circular waveform 2646G in the center and around the periphery. Thesecond waveform 2642G is a biaxial, sinucircular, progressive waveformlocated between the two sets of circular waveforms. The illustrateddisks mate together to form the disk channels 262G that extend out fromthe expansion chamber 252G discussed previously. Each of the disksincludes a plurality of assembly flanges 2629G for mounting impellersbetween the disks.

FIG. 19A illustrates an example combination of biaxial, sinucircular,progressive, and concentric sinusoidal progressive waveform geometry ona disk 260G according to the invention. FIGS. 19B and 19C illustraterespectively the opposing sides of the middle disk 260G. FIG. 19Dillustrates the top surface of the bottom disk 260G. FIG. 19Eillustrates how the three disks fit together to form the disk chambers262G and the expansion chamber 252G of a disk-pack turbine. In analternative embodiment, one or more of the circular waveforms ismodified to include a plurality of biaxial segments.

FIG. 20 illustrates an example of a center disk incorporating variedbiaxial geometries between two sets of circular waveforms according tothe invention.

FIGS. 21A-21D illustrate a disk-pack turbine 250H with two disks. FIG.21A illustrates the top of the disk-pack turbine 250H with an expansionchamber 252H. FIG. 21B illustrates the bottom surface of the top disk264H. FIG. 21C illustrates the top surface of the bottom disk 266Hincluding the concave feature 2522H that provides the bottom of theexpansion chamber 252H in the disk-pack turbine 250H. FIG. 21Dillustrates the bottom of the disk-pack turbine 250H including anexample of a motor mount 2622H. The illustrated waveforms are circular,but as discussed previously a variety of waveforms including hyperbolicwaveforms can be substituted for the illustrated circular waveforms.

FIG. 22 illustrates another example of a disk-pack turbine 250I with atop rotor 264I, a disk 260I, and a bottom rotor 266I. The top rotor 264Iand the disk 260I are shown in cross-section with the plane takenthrough the middle of the components. FIG. 23 also illustrates anembodiment where the components are attached around the periphery of theopening that defines the expansion chamber 252I through mounting holes2502I. Each of the waveform patterns on the top rotor 264I, the disk260I, and the bottom rotor 266I includes two sets of circular waveforms2646I and one set of hyperbolic waveforms 2642I.

In at least one example, the disk surfaces having waveforms present onit eliminates almost all right angles and flat surfaces from the surfacesuch that the surface includes a continuously curved face.

In at least one example, at least one ridge includes a back channelformed into the outer side of the ridge that together with thecomplementary groove on the adjoining disk define an area having avertical oval cross-section.

In at least one embodiment, one or more waveform disks used in a systeminclude other surface features in addition to the waveforms.

Based on this disclosure, it should be appreciated that the describedmotor mounts could be modified to work with a rotor having an axiallycentered opening. The illustrated waveforms can be used on the differentillustrated rotors and/or disks. In at least one embodiment, thewaveforms are incorporated into one or more rotors instead of having therotors nest a disk.

In a further embodiment, the orientation of the system is reversed wherethe motor and the driveshaft are above the disk pack turbine or there isa horizontal alignment. Based on this disclosure, it should beunderstood other orientations are possible with, for example, the axialcenter being angled relative to the horizon (or a horizontal plane).

f. DISCUSSION REGARDING DIAMAGNETISM

Diamagnetism has generally only been known to exist as a strong forcefrom the screening currents that occur in opposition to load/currentwithin superconductors operating at super low cryogenic temperatures,i.e., 0 degrees Kelvin (0 K) or −273 degrees Celsius (−273 C). When asuperconductor-generated diamagnetic field is approached by a magneticfield (irrespective of polar orientation) a resistive/repulsive forceresists the magnetic field with ever-increasing repulsive/resistiveforce as distance of separation decreases. The superconductor'sresistive force is known to rise, in general, in a direct one-to-oneratio relative to the magnetic force applied. A 100 pound magnet canexpect 100 pounds of diamagnetic resistance. A logical assumption wouldlead one to believe that this diamagnetic force, acting upon asuperconductor in this way, would result in increases in systemicresistance and net losses in efficiency. The counter-intuitive realityis that this interaction results in a zero net loss to the system.

As described above, diamagnetism manifests as a strong force insuperconductors due to the screening currents that occur at cryogenictemperatures. As with superconductors, the system of the presentinvention in at least one embodiment, utilizes screening currentsworking in concert with internal oppositional currents, flows,counter-flows, reciprocating flows and pressures generated by hyperbolicwaveforms present on the rotatable waveform disks. These forces incombination with specific metallic materials, material relationships,component isolation technologies, and charging media as discussed in theexample embodiments above manifest as profoundly powerful diamagneticfields at the bottom and top surfaces of the rotatable disk-pack turbineat ambient temperatures. The diamagnetic waveform disks are fabricatedfrom non-magnetic materials that are incapable of maintaining/retaininga residual electric field in the absence of an applied charge. Thediamagnetic fields created by the rotatable waveform disks are a directproduct of the specialized waveform motions, interaction withenvironmental matter and energies, and a modest amount ofthrough-flowing and centripitated ambient air.

The diamagnetic fields generated by the waveform disks can be utilizedas a substitute for the North or South magnetic poles of permanentmagnets for the purpose of generating electricity. However, unlike theNorth/South lines of force exhibited by common magnetic fields,diamagnetic fields manifest as North/South loops or tori that spinaround their own central axis. This distinction results in thediamagnetic field not being a respecter of magnetic polarity and alwaysrepellent. The magnetic repellency allows one pole of the north/southalternating magnetic fields to be substituted with the diamagnetic fieldgenerated by the waveform disks. In use, the upper array of magnets andthe lower array of magnets float freely and are driven by thediamagnetic levitative rotational torque. As the all north-facing rareearth magnets cut a circular right-angle path over the upper array ofcoils, and lower array of coils, electrical power is generated.

Systems utilizing this arrangement for electrical power generation, inat least one embodiment of the present invention, have realized amultiplication in the production of voltage and current as compared toan electrical power generation arrangement utilizing traditional Northto South pole fluxuations. Further, power input required to run thesystems are extremely low while power production is accomplished withminimal rise in heat or resistance, e.g., systems temperatures of lessthan five degrees over ambient temperatures. Also, when a coil orcircuit is placed into the diamagnetic field, the resistance drops tonear 0 Ohms with actual repeatable readings being about 0.01.

Further, in at least one embodiment, the system of the present inventionis capable of producing at very low operational speeds powerfuldiamagnetic fields that are capable of functioning as an invisiblecoupling between a rotating waveform disk and a rotatable magneticarray. The system drive side may be either the magnetic array side ofthe system or the diamagnetic disk side of the system. The magnets maymove over the internal waveform geometries, thereby causing the fieldsto arise, or vise-versa. Actual power/drive ratios are established viaprogressive waveform amplitude and waveform iterations. The magneticdrive array will allow for the magnets to be dynamically/mechanicallyprogressed toward periphery as systemic momentum increases and powerrequirements decrease. Conversely, when loads increase, the systemicdriving magnets will migrate toward higher torque/lower speed producinggeometries.

g. TESTING OF A PROTOTYPE DISK-PACK TURBINE SYSTEM

At least one prototype has been built to test the operation of thesystem and to gather data regarding its operation. The flux fieldgenerators illustrated in FIGS. 12-18 include a three phase arrangementof nine coils, three coils per phase using 16 gauge copper magnet wirewith 140 turns and six magnets (three North and three South magnetsalternating with each other) above the disk-pack turbine and coils. Onthe bottom side of the disk-pack turbine there is a four phasearrangement of 12 coils, three coils per phase using 18 gauge coppermagnet wire with 260 turns and six magnets. Based on this disclosure, itshould be appreciated that the gauge and material of the wire and thenumber of turns and of coils can be modified and that the abovedescriptions are examples. The disk-pack turbine was assembled with twopairs of mated disks between the top rotor and the bottom rotor asillustrated, for example, in FIG. 16. In this particular configurationthe two top waveform disks were made of aluminum and the bottom twowaveform disks were made of brass. It has been found that alternatingbrass and aluminum disks, as opposed to nesting like disks results insignificantly higher magnetic and electrical values being produced. Infurther testing when copper is used in place of brass, the voltages havestayed substantially equal, but a much higher current has been produced.After one testing session, it was discovered that the brass disks werenot electrically isolated from each other and there was still excesselectrical power generated compared to the power required to run themotor. The feed tube (or intake chamber) in at least one embodiment ismade of brass and/or non-magnetic stainless steel and electricallyisolated from the aluminum rotor face through use of a non-conductiveisolation ring, which also is present between the two mated disk pairs.The system was connected to a motor via a belt.

When the motor was not running, and the disk-pack turbine was slowlyrotated by hand, even at this very low speed, a diamagnetic field arosesufficient to engage the upper magnet plate (the magnet plate was notmechanically coupled), resulting in the production of enough electricityto cause a connected three-phase motor (2 HP, 230 V) to rotate as thedisk-pack turbine was being turned by hand from the current produced inthe coil arrays.

The lower magnet disk rotated with the disk-pack turbine while the uppermagnet disk was magnetically coupled to the waveform disks. One way toillustrate the results will be to use classic power generation formulas.One of the greatest points of interest is that, even though there is,mathematically speaking, production of very high power readings asrelates to watts, there is very little discernible heat generatedthrough the process as a result of negligible resistance resulting fromthe diamagnetic fields, and this phenomenon extends to devices connectedand driven by this electricity, such as multiple three-phase highvoltage electric motors. An example is prior to starting the system,ambient temperatures for the induction coils and other associateddevices were about 82° Fahrenheit. After running the system for inexcess of one hour, the temperature rise was as little as two or threedegrees and, at times, the temperature has been found to actually fallslightly. The temperature measured at the core of the waveform rotorwhen measured always has dropped a few degrees over time. Thetemperature of a three phase electric motor connected to the output willgenerally remain within one or two degrees of coil temperature. Thethree phases of the upper generating assembly were measured with eachphase was producing approximately 200 volts at 875 RPM. Based onmeasurements, each of the three coil sets in the three-phase systemmeasure out at 1.8 ohms. Divide 200 volts from one phase by 1.8 ohmsequals about 111.11 Amps. The amperage of 111.11 Amps is multiplied by200 volts multiplied by 1.732 (root mean square (RMS) factor for ACpower) multiplied by cosine/Power Factor, which is usually around 1,divided by 1000 to obtain about 38.485 kW. The motor powering the systemwas drawing approximately 10.5 Amps with a line voltage of 230 volts,which yields 2,415 Watts being consumed by the motor to produce thisoutput of about 38 kW. Similar phenomena have been observed when the ACpower produced by the system is rectified into DC power and supplied toa DC load.

When the top magnet disk was locked with the waveform disks such thatthey rotate together as driven by the drive system, the process wasrepeated. The upper coil array produced about 540 Volts peak-to-peakbetween the three phases (or about 180 Volts per phase) and about 100Amps for a power generation using the formula from the prior paragraphof about 31 kW. With regard to the lower generator, the math is actuallyquite different because there is a higher coil set resistance ofapproximately 3.7 Ohms per coil set of three coils (four phases). Eachphase was producing 120 Volts peak-to-peak, which is using a simplifiedapproach of voltage squared divided by resistance results in almost 3.9kW per phase. Testing has found that diamagnetic energy will reallystart to rise at 1700 RPM and up as do the corresponding electricaloutputs. The coils in these sets after further use have had theirresistance lowered to negligible levels when read with an ohm meter.

Changing the material used for the intake chamber in the built systemfrom D2 steel to brass improved the strength of the diamagnetic fieldand resulting power generation by approximately 30%.

The use of a flux return made from bismuth, copper, iron, or steel or acombination of these has resulted in a reorientation of the fieldsproduced by the flux field generator. In at least one furtherembodiment, the flux return includes at least steel or iron

For example, a one-eighth inch thick bismuth plate was placed above thedisk-pack turbine on a Plexiglas shelf. The plate had sufficientdiameter to cover the waveform geometries present in the disk-packturbine. The push and torque forces felt when placing a magnet over thedisk-pack turbine were redirected to the sides of the disk-pack turbineto increase the diamagnetic field to the periphery while substantiallyblocking the diamagnetic field above the bismuth plate. In addition,measured amperages at the bottom edge of the disk-pack turbine and inthe environment around the disk-pack turbine increased. When the bismuthplate was attached with adhesive tape to the top of the disk-packturbine, there were similar or better results obtained, butinterestingly the bismuth was still and exhibited no signs of beingimpacted by the diamagnetic fields being redirected and/or shaped.

Another example is that when a copper plate was placed into the systemabove the disk-pack turbine, the field effect around the periphery andbelow the disk-pack turbine increased by approximately 25%. When abismuth and/or steel plate were added, there was still an increase. Boththe bismuth and copper plates when used individually cause an increasein the diamagnetic fields being projected laterally from the disk-packturbine with a very good combination being to use a copper plate and abismuth plate above the disk-pack turbine.

FIG. 23 illustrates how power may be pulled from the flux fieldgenerator 85 with a coil array having three AC phases and a magnet plateand how the power may be conditioned for storage in a battery bank 87′,which in turn is able to power the DC motor M that is used to rotate thedisk-pack turbine in the flux field generator 85. In the built test bed,the motor M drove the disk-pack turbine through a mechanical linkagethat included a belt. The illustrated example of the test bed includes abattery bank 87′, which could be a capacitor bank instead or inaddition, a DC motor M, a three phase rectifier 50 such as a full wavebridge rectifier in parallel with a capacitor C1, and a pair ofrheostats R1, R2. The flux field generator 85 was configured to providea three phase output to the rectifier 50 that than produced a DC signalthat passed through the rheostat R1, which allowed for control of thevoltage provided for battery charging, to the battery bank 87′, which inthe test bed included twelve 12-volt batteries connected in series andin another test bed included twelve sets of three 12-volt batteries inparallel to the other batteries in the set. Based on this disclosure, itshould be appreciated that the battery bank could take a variety ofconfigurations. The battery bank 87′ was connected to the negativeterminal of the motor M and the rectifier 50. The positive terminal ofthe battery bank 87′ connected to the positive terminal of the motor Mthrough a rheostat R2, which provided motor speed control. The variousillustrated diodes D and capacitors C1, C2 are provided for illustrationpurposes and may be adjusted while still having the overall function ofthe circuit provided and in at least one embodiment capacitors areplaced in series prior to the motor M and/or the battery bank 87′. Theillustrated test bed was used to run the experiments resulting in thedata shown in FIGS. 24A-24C and 25. In testing, the power into thebattery bank 87′ has been greater than the power used to run the systemas demonstrated by the data in FIGS. 24A-24C.

Testing was performed using a disk-pack turbine with three pairs ofwaveform disks with copper separation plates placed between neighboringpairs of waveform disks produced the data contained in FIGS. 24A-24C.The waveform disks (top to bottom) were made from brass, aluminum,aluminum, aluminum, aluminum, and copper. The top waveform pair includesthe presence of compression/decompression areas around the periphery ofthe waveform disk pair. The system also included a steel flux returnabove the magnet plate. The waveform disks were rotated using a 1.5 HPdrive motor connected to a dial controller and a bank of batteries ratedfor 12 Volts and as such was not connected to wall power or any otherpower source.

There were three test runs performed with each having a different loadbeing connected to the prototype system. For each test run, thetemperature of the room and of a motor, which temperature was alsorecorded at the end of each test run, were taken at the start. Inaddition, the net standing voltage of the battery bank was measuredusing a multimeter. During each test run there was a first reading takenafter the system had stabilized (first read) and an end readingproximate the end of the test run at 30 minutes (end read). The devicemotor measurements and output measurements were taken from power meterswith one power meter on the input side of the drive motor and the otherpower meter on a rectified DC output that was used to recharge thebattery and to run the system. All three phases were rectified throughdual three phase, full-wave bridge rectifiers and all three phases wereincluded to produce the DC output. The load measurements were taken froma power meter (e.g., connected 1 HP DC motor (rated at 1750 RPM)free-running) or calculated (e.g., the electrolytic cell). A commonoccurrence in each of the test runs was that the temperature of motorsrunning on power from the system decreased and the voltage reading forthe battery bank increased during the 30 minute test run. The systemtakes a few moments after it starts up and the load is present tostabilize itself, after which time the system produces voltagestypically within a window of plus or minus 0.3 V variation over time.The drive motor temperatures were higher than ambient temperature inpart using power originating from the wall. Typically, when the systemis using power from the battery bank, which was previously charged bythe system, the drive motor will stay within about 5 degrees Fahrenheitof ambient temperature.

The data for the first test run is depicted in FIG. 24A. The first testrun used a 1 HP DC motor free-running as a load in addition to therecharging of the battery bank. Taking the watts readings for theoutputs (output measurement, which represents voltage provided to thebattery bank and the drive motor), the load measurement, and the drivemotor measurements at the end, the differential in watts is 1339.1 W.Comparing the beginning and end voltage readings for the battery bankresulted in an increase of 0.3 V in the battery bank. A temperaturereading of the battery bank at the end of the test run was 74.6 degreesFahrenheit.

The data for the second test run is depicted in FIG. 24B. The load thatwas placed on the prototype system included an electrolytic cell andsubstantially continuous maintenance of a plasma arc over the 30 minutetest run. The electrolytic cell included 584 ounces of water catalyzedwith sulfuric acid to an adjusted pH of 3.00. The plasma arc was pulledbetween a positive copper electrode connected to the positive output ofthe system and an alligator clamp communicating electrically through theelectrolytic fluid to the positive pole/static plate of the plasma arcpuller, which was partially submerged in the electrolyte cell fluid. Thenegative pole/cable and alligator clamp were connected to an articulatedarm of the plasma arc puller that was configured to pull vertical plasmaarcs. The catalytic cell was activated once a continuous plasma arc wasestablished, thus providing both an electrolytic cell and plasma arcsystem load to the system being tested. The selected electrodes for theplasma arc puller were carbon-steel positive and carbon-graphite at thenegative. Taking the watts readings for the outputs (output measurement,which represents voltage provided to the battery bank and the drivemotor), the load measurement, and the drive motor measurements at theend, the differential in watts is 548.6 W. Comparing the beginning andend voltage readings for the battery bank resulted in an increase of 0.6V in the battery bank. A temperature reading of the battery bank at theend of the test run was 75 degrees Fahrenheit.

The data for the third test run is depicted in FIG. 24C. The load thatwas placed on the system was an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cellfor the second and third test runs had a similar structure, but theelectrolytic cell had a pH of 5.31 for the third test run. Taking thewatts readings for the outputs (output measurement, which representsvoltage provided to the battery bank and the drive motor), the loadmeasurement, and the drive motor measurements at the end, thedifferential in watts is 1281 W. Comparing the beginning and end voltagereadings for the battery bank resulted in an increase of 0.8 V in thebattery bank. A temperature reading of the battery bank at the end ofthe test run was 74.6 degrees Fahrenheit.

FIG. 25 illustrates data that was gathered from an experiment using twonew BlackBerry PlayBooks as the testing objects. During each of the runsa video from YouTube was repeatedly played. The original run time wasbased on the Playbooks being charged using wall power to determine theirlength of run time. After the initial run time, PlayBook 1 was rechargedusing AC power generated by a prototype system illustrated in FIG. 23,while PlayBook 2 was recharged using power from a DC inverter connectedto the rectified power in the system illustrated in FIG. 23. Each of thetests produced longer running times for the respective PlayBook, withrun time for test 1 for PlayBook 1 being impacted by the circumstancethat it was on standby overnight and used approximately 8% of thebattery charge before the run time test was started.

In other battery testing that occurred with rechargeable AA batteries,it has been found that their run time have also been increased afterthey have been recharged using power generated by a prototype system.

In a battery test involving an iPod 4, the run time appears to be withinabout 30 minutes of original time. The difference was that there was areduction in charging time of about 3.5 hours (e.g., about 9 hours downto about 5.5 hours) when the iPod after having multiple charging cyclesusing power generated by a prototype system was returned to chargingfrom wall power.

Another occurrence that has been noticed antidotally is that theelectronics seem to operate and charge cooler after being exposed topower generated by a test system.

h. CONCLUSION

While the invention has been described with reference to certainembodiments, numerous changes, alterations and modifications to thedescribed embodiments are possible without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims andequivalents thereof. The number, location, and configuration of disksand/or rotors described above and illustrated are examples and forillustration only. Further, the terms disks and rotors are usedinterchangeably throughout the detailed description without departingfrom the invention.

As used above “substantially,” “generally,” and other words of degreeare relative modifiers intended to indicate permissible variation fromthe characteristic so modified. It is not intended to be limited to theabsolute value or characteristic which it modifies but rather possessingmore of the physical or functional characteristic than its opposite, andpreferably, approaching or approximating such a physical or functionalcharacteristic.

The foregoing description describes different components of embodimentsbeing “connected” to other components. These connections includephysical connections, fluid connections, magnetic connections, fluxconnections, and other types of connections capable of transmitting andsensing physical phenomena between the components.

The foregoing description describes different components of embodimentsbeing “in fluid communication” to other components. “In fluidcommunication” includes the ability for fluid to travel from onecomponent/chamber to another component/chamber.

Although the present invention has been described in terms of particularembodiments, it is not limited to those embodiments. Alternativeembodiments, examples, and modifications which would still beencompassed by the invention may be made by those skilled in the art,particularly in light of the foregoing teachings. The example andalternative embodiments described above may be combined in a variety ofways with each other without departing from the invention.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various adaptations andmodifications of the embodiments described above can be configuredwithout departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore,it is to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims,the invention may be practiced other than as specifically describedherein.

I claim:
 1. A disk-pack turbine comprising: at least one pair of mateddisks, said mated disks are substantially parallel to each other, eachdisk having a top surface, a bottom surface, a waveform pattern on atleast one surface of the disk facing a neighboring disk such that apassageway is formed with the neighboring waveform pattern of saidneighboring disk in said pair of mated disks, said waveform pattern iscentered about a center of said disk; and each of said waveform patternsincludes at least one hyperbolic waveform having plural amplitudes thatvary when measured in the radial direction along the hyperbolicwaveform, and at least one of said disks includes an opening axiallycentered to said disks configured to provide a path for fluid to flowthrough the at least one of said disks into said passageway, and whereineach waveform pattern includes at least one biaxial waveform centeredabout the at least one opening of the disk-pack turbine and at least onemultiple axial sinusoidal waveform.
 2. The disk-pack turbine accordingto claim 1, wherein a plurality of disks have an opening passingtherethrough with at least two disks having openings with differentdiameters.
 3. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 1, wherein eachwaveform pattern includes a plurality of rising waveforms as protrusionsand a plurality of descending waveforms as depressions, said pluralityof rising waveforms and descending waveforms traveling substantiallyaround and substantially axially centered about the at least one openingof the disk-pack turbine.
 4. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 1,wherein the passageway formed between disks of each pair includes asubstantial portion of the surface with the waveform pattern.
 5. Thedisk-pack turbine according to claim 1, wherein each disk surface facinganother disk includes the waveform pattern.
 6. The disk-pack turbineaccording to claim 1, further comprising at least one additional diskbetween said disks of said at least one mated pair, each additional diskincludes a top surface, a bottom surface, a waveform pattern on said topsurface and said bottom surface such that a passageway is formed by theneighboring waveform patterns between said neighboring disks within saidmated disks, and an opening passing from said top surface to said bottomsurface.
 7. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 1, furthercomprising: a top rotor attached to one mated disk, a bottom rotorattached to a second mated disk from a second pair of mated disks, andwherein said at least one pair of mated disks numbers at least threepairs of mated disks.
 8. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 1,wherein each disk includes a horizontal plane through it through whicheach waveform pattern on said disk does not intersect.
 9. A disk-packturbine comprising: at least two pairs of mated disks, said mated disksof each pair are substantially parallel to each other, each disk havinga top surface, a bottom surface, a waveform pattern on at least onesurface of the disk facing a neighboring disk such that a passageway isformed with the neighboring waveform pattern of said neighboring disk insaid pair of mated disks, said waveform pattern is centered about acenter of said disk; and each of said waveform patterns includes atleast one hyperbolic waveform having plural amplitudes that vary whenmeasured in the radial direction along the hyperbolic waveform, at leastone of said disks includes an opening axially centered to said disksconfigured to provide a path for fluid to flow through the at least oneof said disks into said passageway, and wherein there are two pairs ofmated disks with the top three disks each having at least one axiallycentered opening and said bottom disk having an expansion chamber bottomarea aligned with the openings passing through the top three disks todefine an expansion chamber between the openings passing through the topthree disks and said expansion chamber bottom.
 10. The disk-pack turbineaccording to claim 9, further comprising: a top rotor attached to onemated disk, a bottom rotor attached to a second mated disk from a secondpair of mated disks, and wherein said at least two pairs of mated disksnumbers at least three pairs of mated disks.
 11. The disk-pack turbineaccording to claim 9, wherein each disk includes a horizontal planethrough it through which each waveform pattern on said disk does notintersect, and the passageway formed between disks of each pair includesa substantial portion of the surface with the waveform pattern.
 12. Thedisk-pack turbine according to claim 9, wherein each disk includes ahorizontal plane through it through which each waveform pattern on saiddisk does not intersect.
 13. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 9,wherein the passageway formed between disks of each pair includes asubstantial portion of the surface with the waveform pattern.
 14. Adisk-pack turbine comprising: at least one pair of mated disks, saidmated disks are substantially parallel to each other, each disk having atop surface, a bottom surface, a waveform pattern on at least onesurface of the disk facing a neighboring disk such that a passageway isformed with the neighboring waveform pattern of said neighboring disk insaid pair of mated disks, said waveform pattern is centered about acenter of said disk; and each of said waveform patterns includes atleast one hyperbolic waveform having plural amplitudes that vary whenmeasured in the radial direction along the hyperbolic waveform, at leastone of said disks includes an opening axially centered to said disksconfigured to provide a path for fluid to flow through the at least oneof said disks into said passageway, and wherein a diameter taken alongthe surface of the disk on which said waveform pattern is presentintersects the waveform pattern twice.
 15. The disk-pack turbineaccording to claim 14, wherein there are two pairs of mated disks withthe top three disks each having at least one opening and said bottomdisk having an expansion chamber bottom area aligned with the openingspassing through the top three disks to define an expansion chamber. 16.The disk-pack turbine according to claim 14, further comprising: a toprotor attached to one mated disk, a bottom rotor attached to a secondmated disk from a second pair of mated disks, and wherein said at leasttwo pairs of mated disks numbers at least three pairs of mated disks.17. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 14, wherein each diskincludes a horizontal plane through it through which each waveformpattern on said disk does not intersect.
 18. The disk-pack turbineaccording to claim 14, wherein the passageway formed between disks ofeach pair includes a substantial portion of the surface with thewaveform pattern.
 19. The disk-pack turbine according to claim 18,wherein each disk includes a horizontal plane through it through whicheach waveform pattern on said disk does not intersect.
 20. The disk-packturbine according to claim 14, wherein said disks are formed of at leastone material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, brass,stainless steel, carbon fiber, copper, magnesium, non-ferrous materialalloys, and non-ferrous material alloys containing of bismuth.